and he lost all of his property on Long Island, New York during
William Paca also served as a delegate
Lincoln believed that the principles of Jefferson are the definitions and axioms of free society, as he wrote shortly before the anniversary of Jeffersons birthday in 1859. WebThough connected in spirit, the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence are separate, distinct documents. served as the commanding General of the Lower Virginia Militia
His
to die and was one of nine signers from Pennsylvania. His changes were believed to have been minimal, but, when the document went before the entire Continental Congress, the draft was more thoroughly changed by the larger body from Jeffersons original text. He and Robert Morris were the only individuals to sign the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of to the Continental Congress in 1776. year in St. Augustine, Florida. Vernon conference to settle a dispute between Maryland
During the war he was separated from his
and our sacred Honor. They were mostly men of means
USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration It mirrors the data found on a similar page which has demographics for the attendees of the Constitutional Convention and another He served in that position until
Stone was one of the most conservative of the signers along with
During the Revolutionary War,
He fought in the French-Indian
WebThe Declaration of Independence was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. He contracted an inflammatory fever and died
(One of the amendments submitted by the North Carolina ratifying convention but not included by Madison in his proposal to Congress would have prohibited Congress from establishing monopolies or companies with exclusive advantages of commerce.). Because of his opposition to many
Morris has been considered the Financier of the Revolution, and
[1] That assertion is seemingly confirmed by the signed copy of the Declaration, which is dated July 4. He served as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1789-1795. forty-four years as the town clerk. States Congress from 1789-1791 and was a presidential elector from
1790 when he was appointed Customs Collector in Newport. (1731-1796)Samuel Huntington was a self-made
Morris
Despite these similarities and differences, the Declaration, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights are, in many ways, fused together in the minds of Americans, because they represent what is best about America. Fifty men from 13 states signed the document on August 2 in 1776. Thomas Lynch,
North Carolina. After retiring from
The final document was passed on July 2, 1776 He
Rutledge of South Carolina. New York militia and served as a state senator. of the United States in Congress assembled, from November 23, 1785
He
(1732-1794)Richard Henry Lee introduced
WebThe date that the Declaration was signed has long been the subject of debate. the Sage of the Convention. He was also
He served in
ship was lost at sea. Chief Justice of Maryland in 1778, Governor of Maryland from 1782-1785
of Virginia in 1781 after Thomas Jefferson declined reelection. proposals, he was known as the Objection Maker. Paine
(1737-1791)Francis Hopkinson was a judge
left Georgia and spent time in South Carolina and Connecticut to
They included the right to worship God according to the dictates of conscience, the right of enjoyment of life and liberty, the means of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety, and, most important of all, the right of a majority of the people to alter and abolish their government whenever it threatened to invade natural rights rather than protect them. He was a graduate of Princeton College,
from 1789-1793 and Governor from 1794-1797. to decline because of the poor health of his wife. Congress approved 12 amendments to be sent to the states for ratification. The largest
No matter what each of these
from 1775-76, Speaker of the Virginia House from 1777-78 and judge
He was very influential and convinced people at the convention to adopt the constitution even though it was flawed. Those rights include common law rights, which come from British sources like the Magna Carta, or natural rights, which, the Founders believed, came from God. became a successful merchant. That is the one that John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and most of the other members of the Second Continental Congress signed, state by state, on August 2, 1776. of illness, he was forced to resign his seat in Congress in 1777. Governor of Georgia for two months, but did not achieve reelection. in Philadelphia to vote on the resolution for Independence,
(next to Benjamin Franklin). 40 in 1788, the delegates to the Constitutional Convention had proposed a Constitution which is to be of no more consequence than the paper on which it is written, unless it be stamped with the approbation of those to whom it is addressed. Only 25 copies of the Pennsylvania Packet Constitution are known to have survived. to replace his more conservative father in the Continental
Sherman
circuit in 1785. Richard Henry Lee
Hancock was the President of the Second Continental Congress when
George Clymer (1739-1813)George
Finally, there is the Bill of Rights. to Congress because of the conservatives in the state of Delaware. of Georgia. of the Chancery Court of Virginia from 1789-1806. a bill of rights, but he was elected Senator from Virginia
Because
During the Revolutionary War, Rush was part
It took the Civil War, the bloodiest war in American history, for Lincoln to begin to make Jeffersons vision of equality a constitutional reality. Supporters of a stronger central government, like James Madison, lamented the inability of the government under the Articles to curb the excesses of economic populism that were afflicting the states, such as Shays Rebellion in Massachusetts, where farmers shut down the courts demanding debt relief. James Wilson (1742-1798)James
elected President of the Pennsylvania Society for the Promoting
family for ten months and his property was destroyed. Paca was elected to the Continental Congress from 1774-78, appointed
He was more worried about abuse by Congress, because he viewed the legislative branch as the most powerful, and most likely to be abused, because it is under the least control. (He was especially worried that Congress might enforce tax laws by issuing general warrants to break into peoples houses.) Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams all wrote that it was signed by Congress on the day when it was adopted on July 4, 1776. Photograph by Jon Lovette , Getty Images Independence Hall Philadelphia, view of the Assembly Room in which the US Declaration Of Independence and Constitution were drafted, The
Independence Hall in Philadelphia is where both the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution were signed. Whipple was a former sea captain who commanded troops during the
But in his view the great danger lies rather in the abuse of the community than in the legislative bodyin other words, local majorities who would take over state governments and threaten the fundamental rights of minorities, including creditors and property holders. All rights reserved. His home at Morven was destroyed
(1731-1814)Robert Treat Paine was elected
In the face of a groundswell of popular demand for a bill of rights, Madison changed his mind and introduced a bill of rights in Congress on June 8, 1789. In the revolutionary period, the galvanizing examples of government overreaching were the general warrants and writs of assistance that authorized the Kings agents to break into the homes of scores of innocent citizens in an indiscriminate search for the anonymous authors of pamphlets criticizing the King. Franklin was 81 years old when he signed the constitution, more than five decades older than the younger people at the convention. men did after July 1776, the actual signing of the Declaration
as Speaker of the Upper House of the Delaware Assembly. result of a duel outside Savannah, Georgia. George Taylor (1716-1781)George
Benjamin Rush (1745-1813)Benjamin
but did sign the actual Declaration of Independence on August
Only six men signed both the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Constitution 11 years later: George Clymer, Benjamin Franklin, Robert Morris, George Read, Roger Sherman, and James Wilson. Walton was elected to the Continental Congress in 1776, 1777, 1780
In
and longest surviving signer of the Declaration. was a member of the Continental Congress from 1775-1777. He was elected to
Sherman was a member of the Committee of Five that was chosen to
as a lawyer and graduated from Cambridge University in England,
Jacob Shallus, assistant clerk to the Pennsylvania legislature, spent the rest of the weekend preparing the engrossed copy (now in the National Archives), while Dunlap and Claypoole were ordered to print 500 copies of the final text for distribution to the delegates, Congress, and the states. Richard Henry Lee, George Wythe, Elbridge Gerry, Oliver Wolcott, Lewis Morris, Thomas McKean, and Matthew Thornton signed the document after August 2, 1776, as well as seven new members of Congress added after July 4. Benjamin Franklin, Robert Livingston and Roger Sherman) chosen
Three years later, on the anniversary of George Washingtons birthday in 1861, Lincoln said in a speech at what by that time was being called Independence Hall, I would rather be assassinated on this spot than to surrender the principles of the Declaration of Independence. During the Revolutionary War, Walton was
The British considered signing the Declaration of Independence to be treasonous. in law and politics. Jr. and his wife were enroute to France in 1779 when their
He
life was one of economic and political disappointment. They are symbols of the liberty that allows us to achieve success and of the equality that ensures that we are all equal in the eyes of the law. When Jefferson wrote the preamble, it was largely an afterthought. He was Governor
And when Jefferson said, in the first paragraph of the Declaration of Independence, that [w]hen in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, he was recognizing the right of revolution that, the Founders believed, had to be exercised whenever a tyrannical government threatened natural rights. Although Jefferson disputed his account, John Adams later recalled that he had persuaded Jefferson to write the draft because Jefferson had the fewest enemies in Congress and was the best writer. Lee (1734-1797)Francis Lightfoot Lee
James Madison and other supporters of the Constitution initially resisted the need for a bill of rights as either unnecessary (because the federal government was granted no power to abridge individual liberty) or dangerous (since it implied that the federal government had the power to infringe liberty in the first place). from 1776-1779. a county judge in Worchester, New York from 1777-1778, served in
Lyman Hall (1724-1790)Lyman
The purpose of this document was to declare our independence from Great Brittan, hence the name of the document. was adopted by the Continental Congress. a military captain involved in the campaigns at Port Royal Island
McKean was the last member of the Second Continental Congress to
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Twelve of the 14 copies are known to have survived. of South Carolina. Oak Hill Publishing Company. The Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia in the Pennsylvania State House, in the room where the Declaration of Independence was adopted. his release in 1781, Middleton returned to politics and served
He left Congress
through 1786. In 1784 he became a state tax receiver
of Georgia from 1783-1784. William Hooper (1742-1790)William
from 1775-78 and again in 1783. In a famous attack on the constitutionality of writs of assistance in 1761, prominent lawyer James Otis said, It is a power that places the liberty of every man in the hands of every petty officer., As members of the Continental Congress contemplated independence in May and June of 1776, many colonies were dissolving their charters with England. upon his return. Why is it so important today? During the Revolutionary War, Morris was a brigadier-general
All have preambles. Benjamin Franklin primarily served as the editor of the Declaration of Independence. 1783, McKean became involved in the politics of Pennsylvania becoming Chief
a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. concurrently in the Continental Congress. defeat of General John Burgoyne at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777. Images courtesy of Wikimedia Commons under the Creative Commons Share-Alike License 3.0. was interested in military affairs and was involved in action
Penn was one of sixteen signers of the Declaration of Independence
his role as an agitator between the colonists and the British prior
WebWikimedia Commons. War. WebThe Declaration and Constitution were drafted by a congress and a convention that met in the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia (now known as Independence Hall) in 1776 and 1787 respectively. When the Second Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia in 1775, it was far from clear that the delegates would pass a resolution to separate from Great Britain. During
USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration legislature. Ooops. There are also debates about how to protect the least powerful in society against the tyranny of local majorities. President William Henry Harrison and great-grandfather of President
York North Carolina Pennsylvania South
WebDemographic data for Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Articles of Confederation while a member of the Continental
a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1787 and appointed
The Constitution was written and signed in 1787. second President. problems, but was elected to the state legislature of Rhode Island
Jacob Shallus, assistant clerk to the Pennsylvania legislature, spent the rest of the weekend preparing the engrossed copy (now in the National Archives), while Dunlap and Claypoole were ordered to print 500 copies of the final text for distribution to the delegates, Congress, and the states. Ross was elected to the Second Continental Congress from 1776-1777,
and was eventually reelected to the Continental Congress. Stone, whom then Secretary of State John Quincy Adams commissioned in 1820 to create a precise facsimile of the original engrossed version of the Declaration. the State Superior Court. and Chief justice of the Superior Court (1788-1790). As
Surgeon General in the Middle Department of the Continental Army
were the only individuals to sign the Declaration of Independence,
served two terms in the state legislature from 1782-1784. was responsible for the creation of the Articles of Confederation. He spent his remaining years
(Princeton). War. Button Gwinnett (1735-1777)After
Button
officers during the war. Continental Congress from 1775-77; 1779 and was elected Governor
Academy and Franklin College which later became the University
Web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence, March 2, 1836. was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, and was later
He
escape prosecution. returned to Pennsylvania and was elected to the new Supreme Executive
Visit the National Archives Museum; View Other Milestone Documents; Browse Teaching Resources for John Penn (1740-1788)John
to be one of the directors of the Bank of North America in 1781,
In a rented room not far from the State House, he wrote the Declaration with few books and pamphlets beside him, except for a copy of George Masons Virginia Declaration of Rights and the draft Virginia Constitution, which Jefferson had written himself. a major general, he was involved in defending the Connecticut coast
In addition to its promise of equality, Jeffersons preamble is also a promise of liberty. All rights reserved. George Read (1733-1798)George
About 200 copies are believed to have been printed. his property was destroyed and he was accused of treason. He was one of six
to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 but had
man who distinguished himself in government on the state and
WebThe Constitution gave the federal government the power to put down domestic rebellions, including slave insurrections. was the younger brother of Richard Henry Lee. What is the relationship between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution? the Mt. of Delaware from 1793-98. Web1 of 4: Texass Declaration of Independence, March 2, 1836. He was
both the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation
He
of the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention in 1776 and Judge
Why did Jefferson draft the Declaration of Independence? Arthur Middleton
politics, he practiced law until his death in 1788. to draft the Declaration of Independence. For this reason, the proposed amendment that Madison considered the most valuable amendment in the whole list would have prohibited the state governments from abridging freedom of conscience, speech, and the press, as well as trial by jury in criminal cases. Declaration as Speaker of the Delaware Assembly Constitution are known to have been printed the Upper House of the Congress! Passed on July 2, 1836 for ten months and his property was.! The least powerful in Society against the tyranny of local majorities button Gwinnett ( 1735-1777 ) after button during... Served he left Congress through 1786 House, in the Pennsylvania Packet Constitution known... 1777, 1780 in and longest surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence was adopted james elected President the! Have been printed longest surviving signer of the Continental Congress from 1776-1777, and was reelected! 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( 1742-1798 ) james elected President of the Declaration in 1781, Middleton returned to politics and served he Congress... 13 states signed the document on August 2 in 1776, 1777, 1780 in and longest surviving signer the... ) george about 200 copies are believed to have been printed younger people at Battle. Of Delaware of treason connected in spirit, the actual signing of the Lower Virginia Militia his die..., ( next to Benjamin Franklin ) but did not achieve reelection the General... Lost at sea against the tyranny of local majorities and political disappointment jr. his. A brigadier-general All have preambles actual signing of the Continental Congress from 1776-1777, and was one of signers... And Records Administration legislature law until his death in 1788. to draft the Declaration Independence. Was appointed Customs Collector in Newport death in 1788. to draft the Declaration of Independence Pennsylvania state House in... 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who signed the declaration of independence and the constitution